Honing is the process of re-aligning ("trueing") material that is already part of a knife. It makes what material is at the edge of a knife blade as straight and pointy as it can without removing material.
Typically, honing is accomplished with a simple steel or ceramic hone in a rod like form. These don't remove metal. Rather, honing is a way to microscopically align as much of the metal on a knife back into a cutting point without removing material on the knife.
Learn about when it's time to sharpen a knife, here.
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